Computer Programming Notes

Module 01 - Introduction to DBMS Module 02  -Levels of Abstraction  -Schema & Instance  -Data Model  - DDL & DML  -SQL  -Database Disign Module 03 -Database Disign -OO Relational Model -XML -Database Engine -Database User and Administrators -Database Internals & Architecture -History of DBMS Module 04 -Attribute Types -Relational Schema and Instance -Keys -Relational Query Languages Module 05 -Operations 1.Select 2.Project 3.Union 4.Differance 5.Intersaction 6.Cartesian Product 7.Natural Join -Aggregate Operations

Matrix in R Matrices are the R objects in which the elements are arranged in a two-dimensional rectangular layout. They contain elements of the same atomic types. Though we can create a matrix containing only characters or only logical values, they are not of much use. We use matrices containing numeric elements to be used in mathematical calculations. A Matrix is created using the  matrix()  function. Syntax The basic syntax for creating a matrix in R is − matrix(data, nrow, ncol, byrow, dimnames) Following is the description of the parameters used − ·       data  is the input vector which becomes the data elements of the matrix. ·       nrow  is the number of rows to be created. ·       ncol  is the number of columns to be created. ·       byrow  is a logical clue. If TRUE then the input vector elements are arranged by row. ·  ...